ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY Meaning and
Definition
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The alternative complement pathway is an essential component of the immune system that contributes to the defense against foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. It is a branch of the complement system, which consists of a group of proteins that work together to enhance the immune response. The alternative complement pathway can be activated independently of the classical pathway, which requires the presence of antibodies bound to antigens.
The alternative complement pathway is initiated by spontaneous hydrolysis of the C3 protein, producing C3b. This process occurs continuously at a low level, even in the absence of foreign substances. Once C3b is formed, it rapidly binds to the surface of the pathogen or foreign cell, marking it for destruction. This binding triggers a cascade of enzymatic reactions, resulting in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which destroys the target cell by creating holes in its membrane.
The alternative complement pathway plays a critical role in both innate and adaptive immunity. It helps to clear pathogens from the body, promotes inflammation, and facilitates the process of phagocytosis by immune cells. Additionally, it contributes to the regulation of immune responses and the maintenance of homeostasis.
Understanding the alternative complement pathway is essential for diagnosing and managing various diseases characterized by complement dysregulation, including autoimmune disorders, infections, and inflammatory conditions. Targeting this pathway with specific therapies has emerged as a potential strategy for the treatment of these diseases.
Common Misspellings for ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY
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