Angle closure glaucomas refer to a group of eye disorders characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to the narrowing or blockage of the drainage angle in the eye, which prevents the normal outflow of aqueous humor. The drainage angle refers to the space between the cornea and the iris, where the aqueous humor, a clear fluid that nourishes the eye, normally drains out of the eye.
In angle closure glaucomas, the drainage angle becomes obstructed or narrow, leading to a buildup of aqueous humor within the eye. This buildup causes an increase in IOP, which can lead to optic nerve damage and subsequent vision loss if not promptly treated. Unlike open-angle glaucomas, angle closure glaucomas usually develop suddenly and are considered medical emergencies.
Symptoms of angle closure glaucomas may include severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Individuals may also experience sudden vision loss if left untreated.
Treatment for angle closure glaucomas typically involves urgent medical intervention to reduce IOP and prevent further vision loss. This may include medications such as eye drops to lower IOP, oral medications, or in more severe cases, surgical procedures to improve drainage in the eye.
Regular eye examinations, especially for individuals at higher risk, can help detect early signs of angle closure glaucomas and enable prompt initiation of treatment, reducing the risk of permanent vision loss.
