Arvicolines are a subfamily of small, herbivorous rodents belonging to the family Cricetidae. They are commonly known as voles or field mice. Arvicolines are native to Europe, Asia, and North America and are found in a wide range of habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and tundra regions.
These rodents have compact bodies with short legs and a relatively short tail. They usually measure around 12 to 20 centimeters in length and weigh around 20 to 100 grams, depending on the species. Arvicolines are characterized by their small eyes and ears, and their fur is typically brown, gray, or reddish-brown, helping them blend into their environment.
Arvicolines are known for their high reproductive rates, with females being able to produce multiple litters per year, each consisting of several pups. They construct elaborate burrow systems to provide shelter and protect themselves from predators. These burrows may have nesting chambers, food storage areas, and multiple entrances.
Arvicolines are primarily herbivorous, feeding on grasses, seeds, roots, and other plant materials. Their feeding habits can have significant impacts on vegetation, and they often play important roles in shaping ecosystems. Some species even undergo population fluctuations, with dramatic increases in their numbers known as "vole plagues" or "lemming years."
While arvicolines may be considered pests in certain agricultural settings due to their ability to damage crops, they also serve as prey for various predators, including birds of prey, snakes, and larger mammals.
Overall, arvicolines are an important group of rodents that are ecologically significant and play vital roles in various ecosystems.
