Complement Factor D, also known as CFD, is an important protein enzyme that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It belongs to a family of proteins known as the complement system, which is a part of the innate immune response.
Complement Factor D is primarily produced by the liver and secreted into the bloodstream. It acts as a serine protease, which means it is involved in the breakdown of other proteins. Its main function is to cleave a precursor protein called Factor B, leading to the generation of the active fragment called Ba. This process is an essential step in the alternative pathway of the complement system.
The alternative pathway of the complement system is an innate immune response that helps in the destruction of pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses. Complement Factor D initiates the activation of this pathway by cleaving Factor B, which ultimately leads to the formation of a membrane attack complex that destroys the pathogen's cell membrane.
Deficiencies in Complement Factor D have been associated with increased susceptibility to infections and inflammatory diseases. Additionally, abnormal activation of the complement system can contribute to various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, understanding the role of Complement Factor D and its interactions within the complement system is crucial for developing therapeutic interventions for immune disorders.
In summary, Complement Factor D is a protein enzyme involved in the activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system. Its main function is to cleave Factor B, leading to the destruction of pathogens and contributing to the body's immune response.
