Pronunciation: [ˈɛmpɹɛs dˈa͡ʊɪd͡ʒə sˈɪksi] (IPA) 
Correct spelling for the English word "empress dowager cixi" is [ˈɛmpɹɛs dˈa͡ʊɪd͡ʒə sˈɪksi], [ˈɛmpɹɛs dˈaʊɪdʒə sˈɪksi], [ˈɛ_m_p_ɹ_ɛ_s d_ˈaʊ_ɪ_dʒ_ə s_ˈɪ_k_s_i] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
Empress Dowager Cixi, also known as Empress Dowager Tzu-hsi, was a prominent figure in Chinese history. She was born in 1835 and died in 1908, ruling China for over 47 years. As the empress dowager, Cixi exerted significant influence over the Qing Dynasty in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Cixi's rise to power began when she became a concubine to the Xianfeng Emperor, who later died, leaving behind a young son who became the Tongzhi Emperor. During her reign as regent, Cixi held considerable control over state affairs, often behind the scenes. She played an influential role in the modernization of China, promoting various reforms and advancements.
However, Cixi's rule was also marred by controversy and opposition. She faced criticism for her conservative policies and for obstructing more progressive reforms. Despite these challenges, she managed to maintain her grip on power until her death.
Empress Dowager Cixi's legacy is complex and controversial. While some see her as a formidable leader who helped navigate China through tumultuous times, others view her as a symbol of corruption and resistance to change. Her impact on China and its imperial system is still subject to ongoing historical scrutiny and debate.
