HELLENISTIC PERIOD Meaning and
Definition
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The Hellenistic period, spanning from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE to the annexation of Egypt by Rome in 30 BCE, refers to a historical era in Ancient Greece characterized by the influence and spread of Greek culture and language across a vast geographical area. The term "Hellenistic" is derived from the Greek word "Hellas," which means "Greece."
During the Hellenistic period, the empire of Alexander the Great was divided among his generals, leading to the formation of numerous Greek-influenced states and kingdoms that extended from Greece to Egypt and as far east as the Indus River. This period witnessed a significant fusion of Greek and Eastern cultures, resulting in the spread of Greek language, art, literature, philosophy, and architecture throughout the new territories.
The Hellenistic period is often associated with the rise of cosmopolitan and multicultural societies, as Greek settlers and conquerors interacted with local populations, leading to the development of vibrant and diverse cities. The period witnessed significant advancements in various fields, including science, mathematics, and medicine. It also gave birth to renowned schools of philosophy, such as Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Skepticism.
The Hellenistic period marked a transition from the Classical era of ancient Greece to the subsequent Roman era. The influence of Hellenistic culture continued to permeate the Roman Empire, shaping its art, architecture, and intellectual traditions. Ultimately, the Hellenistic period stands as a testament to the enduring and transformative impact of Greek civilization during a time of vast expansion and cultural exchange.
Etymology of HELLENISTIC PERIOD
The term "Hellenistic period" is derived from the Greek word "Ἑλληνιστική περίοδος" (Hellēnistikē períodos).
The word "Hellenistic" is formed from "Hellēn" (Greek: Ἕλλην), which refers to the Greek people, and the suffix "-istic", which indicates a relation or adherence to something. So, "Hellenistic" can be interpreted as "related to the Greeks" or "in the manner of the Greeks".
The word "period" comes from the Latin word "periodus", derived from the Greek word "περίοδος" (períodos), which means "a cycle" or "a circuit". It was primarily used to describe the cycling motion of celestial bodies.
