Jean Baptiste Racine (1639-1699) was a renowned French playwright and poet of the 17th century. Considered one of the greatest tragedians in Western literature, Racine's works continue to be widely studied and performed today. Born in La Ferté-Milon, France, Racine initially pursued a career in law before transitioning to literature.
Racine's distinctive style of tragedy, characterized by its focus on intense emotions and moral conflicts, made him a prominent figure in French classical literature. His plays, including "Andromaque" (1667), "Britannicus" (1669), "Phèdre" (1677), and "Bérénice" (1670), among others, are highly regarded for their gripping narratives and exploration of complex human psychologies. Combining mythical and historical subjects, Racine's tragedies delve into themes of love, passion, jealousy, power, and fate.
Racine's exceptional use of language, characterized by its poetic elegance and refinement, showcased his mastery of the French language and verse. His plays are written in Alexandrine verse, the prevalent poetic form of his time, which consists of twelve-syllable lines and adheres to stringent versification rules.
Despite facing criticism from some contemporary critics who found his work too pessimistic or lacking in moral virtue, Racine's influence on French literature and theater remained profound. His contributions to tragic drama paved the way for future playwrights and his works continue to be celebrated for their timeless themes, poetic beauty, and emotional intensity.
