OREM SELF CARE MODEL Meaning and
Definition
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The Orem Self-Care Model is a nursing theory developed by Dorothea Orem, a prominent nursing theorist, that emphasizes the individual's ability to maintain and promote their own health by engaging in self-care activities. This model asserts that individuals have the responsibility and the capacity to take care of themselves and meet their own healthcare needs to the best of their abilities.
According to the Orem Self-Care Model, there are three levels of self-care: universal self-care, which consists of actions that every individual should perform to maintain health; developmental self-care, which focuses on actions specific to certain developmental stages; and health deviation self-care, which refers to actions taken by individuals who are unable to perform self-care due to illness or disability.
The model also identifies three types of self-care requisites that individuals must meet to maintain optimal health: universal self-care requisites, which are essential for everyone regardless of age or health status; developmental self-care requisites, which are necessary for growth and development; and situational self-care requisites, which are specific to an individual's unique circumstances.
The Orem Self-Care Model emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy, self-reliance, and active participation in one's own healthcare. Nurses play a vital role in assessing individuals' self-care abilities, providing education and support to enhance self-care capabilities, and intervening when necessary to ensure optimal health outcomes.
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