Pronunciation: [pˈɛɹɪkˌɑːp] (IPA) 
Pericarp is a botanical term for the outer layer of a fruit or seed. It is spelled /ˈpɛrɪkɑːrp/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The first syllable is pronounced as "per" with a short "e" sound, followed by "i" with a short "i" sound. The second syllable is pronounced as "kaarp" with a long "a" sound and a "p" sound at the end. The spelling of "pericarp" reflects its Greek roots, where "peri" means "around" and "karpos" means "fruit".
Pericarp is a botanical term that refers to the outer layer or the wall of a fruit. It is the structure that envelops and protects the seeds within the fruit. The pericarp development occurs from the ovary wall after fertilization and plays an essential role in the dispersal and survival of the seed.
The pericarp is composed of three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. The exocarp is the outermost layer, often referred to as the skin of the fruit, which provides protection against physical damage, pathogens, and water loss. The mesocarp is the middle layer, and its composition varies depending on the type of fruit. It can be fleshy, fibrous, or dry. The endocarp is the innermost layer of the pericarp, which directly surrounds the seed.
The pericarp's characteristics can vary greatly between different types of fruits. Some fruits have a thin, membranous pericarp, while others may have a thick, hard, or woody pericarp. Examples of fruits with a pericarp include apples, pears, oranges, berries, cherries, and nuts.
The pericarp plays a crucial role in the dispersal of seeds. Its diverse characteristics enable fruits to adapt to different dispersal mechanisms, such as wind dispersal, water dispersal, animal dispersal, or self-dispersal. Additionally, variations in the pericarp's structure and texture contribute to the fruit's texture and taste, making it an essential factor in fruit quality evaluation and classification.
That which surrounds or encloses the seed of a plant; the part of the fruit immediately investing the seed.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "pericarp" has its origin in Ancient Greek. It is derived from the Greek words "peri" meaning "around" or "about", and "karpos" meaning "fruit". Therefore, "pericarp" literally translates to "around/covering the fruit". The term "pericarp" commonly refers to the outer layer or wall of a fruit, which encloses and protects the seed(s).
