Placental mammotropic hormone, also known as placental lactogen or chorionic somatomammotropin, is a hormone that is primarily produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It is involved in numerous physiological processes that support the growth and development of the fetus.
Placental mammotropic hormone plays a crucial role in the regulation of maternal metabolism and fetal growth. The hormone acts as an anabolic agent, promoting the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the mother's body. This ensures an adequate supply of nutrients to support the growing fetus and placenta.
Furthermore, placental mammotropic hormone stimulates the development of mammary glands in preparation for lactation. It promotes the proliferation of milk-secreting cells and enhances the production of milk during breastfeeding.
The hormone also exerts its effects on the metabolic function of the mother by modulating insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Placental mammotropic hormone can reduce maternal insulin sensitivity, leading to increased blood glucose levels. This helps to provide a constant supply of glucose to the growing fetus.
Additionally, placental mammotropic hormone has been associated with its immunomodulatory effect during pregnancy. It helps to regulate the immune response to ensure the tolerance of the mother towards the developing fetus, preventing its rejection.
In summary, placental mammotropic hormone is a vital hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. It plays essential roles in promoting fetal growth, supporting maternal metabolism, preparing the mammary glands for lactation, and modulating the maternal immune response.
