TETRAHYDROFOLATE Meaning and
Definition
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Tetrahydrofolate (THF) is a coenzyme form of folate or vitamin B9, which plays a crucial role in various biochemical reactions in the body. It is an essential nutrient required for the synthesis and metabolism of nucleotides, amino acids, and other important molecules involved in cell division and growth.
THF acts as a carrier of one-carbon units, which are involved in the transfer of methyl groups (-CH3) from one molecule to another. This methyl transfer is vital for the production of DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as for other essential cellular processes. It serves as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways, acting as a bridge between the one-carbon group and the target molecule.
Additionally, THF is particularly important during pregnancy as it helps in the proper development of the neural tube in the fetus, which eventually forms the baby's brain and spinal cord. Adequate levels of tetrahydrofolate are crucial for preventing certain birth defects, such as spina bifida.
In the body, folate is naturally converted into its active form, THF, through a series of enzymatic reactions. Natural food sources of tetrahydrofolate include leafy green vegetables, legumes, liver, and other organ meats. It can also be obtained through the consumption of fortified foods or dietary supplements. Proper levels of tetrahydrofolate are necessary for overall health and contribute to various metabolic processes and overall well-being.
Etymology of TETRAHYDROFOLATE
The word "tetrahydrofolate" is composed of three elements: "tetra-", "hydro-", and "folate".
-"Tetra-" comes from the Greek word "tétras", meaning "four". It refers to the four hydrogen atoms in the tetrahydrofolate molecule.
-"Hydro-" is a prefix derived from the Greek word "hýdōr", meaning "water". It indicates the presence of hydrogen atoms in a compound.
-"Folate" comes from the Latin word "folium", which means "leaf". It is derived from the leafy green vegetables from which folate, or vitamin B9, was originally isolated.
When combined, "tetrahydrofolate" signifies a molecule that contains four hydrogen atoms and is derived from folate.
